Table 1. The level of severity for stem damage on tree with stem canker

Level of severity 0% 1%–25% 26%–50% 51%–75% > 75%
Score 0 1 2 3 4
Description Morphologically, the stem is still in a normal state like any other tree stem. The cancer is sized between 1–10 cm, located only on one side of the stem, and has not caused any swelling on the stem. The cancer is 11–20 cm in size, located on one side of the stem, and has not caused any swelling on the stem. The cancer found on the trunk is larger than 20 cm and has started to cause swelling in the trunk but has not yet broken the bark. The cancer that is found on the trunk with a size > 20 cm causes the trunk to swell and crack open the bark.