Table 1. Variable and indicator VoC

Variable Indicator Code Source
Appearance (Q1) Realistic fibers, color, and texture & high quality Q11 Chen and Wenwen (2023); Li et al. (2023)
Simple style & minimal decoration Q12
Durability (Q2) Resistant to stains, wet dirt, and mold Q21 Chen and Wenwen (2023); Prima et al. (2020)
Scratch-resistant and non-pigmenting Q22
Safety (Q3) Harmless to the human body Q31 Chen and Wenwen (2023)
Odorless Q32
Fire and high-temperature resistant Q33
Rounded corners without sharp edges Q34
Structure (Q4) Strong structural safety Q41 Li et al. (2023)
Good stability (legs, seat) Q42
Functional (Q5) Recreational and entertainment function Q51 Prima et al. (2020)
Intellectualization Q52
Adjustable Q53
Multifunctional product Q54
Includes a backrest Q55
Emotional (Q6) Enhances space efficiency Q61 Lyu et al. (2022)
Soft and comfortable colors Q62
Matches the function Q63
Technology (Q7) Material innovation (utilization of wood scraps) Q71 Lyu et al. (2022)
Clear and ergonomic structure Q72
Easily disassembled, repaired, and replaced Q73
Performance (Q8) Not rough Q81 Prima et al. (2020)
Easy to move Q82
Enviroment (Q9) Environmentally friendly (incorporating waste materials) Q91 Li et al. (2023)
Sustainability Q92
VoC: voice of customer.