Table 4. Color characteristics of post-mordanted natural dyed Hanjis

Type of natural dye	Type of post-mordanting	λmax (nm)	K/S	CIE Lab				Munsell’s value
				L*	a*	b*	∆E	H	V	C
1 Control (Hanji)	None	360	0.49	86.81	–0.30	7.96		4.3Y	8.58	0.94
	Al	360	0.43	86.99	–0.44	7.78	0.29	4.8Y	8.60	0.91
	Cu	360	0.58	85.44	–1.72	9.64	2.58	8.8Y	8.44	1.10
	Fe	360	1.36	80.34	2.45	15.52	10.32	1.2Y	7.94	2.26
2 Ottchil (Turpentine)	None	360	1.32	84.56	–0.09	15.86	8.21	4.0Y	8.37	2.02
	Al	360	1.27	84.73	–0.28	15.81	0.27	4.3Y	8.39	2.00
	Cu	360	1.43	82.24	–0.55	16.95	2.60	4.9Y	8.14	2.18
	Fe	360	2.32	73.70	4.80	19.09	12.33	0.2Y	7.28	2.98
3 Ottchil (Ethanol)	None	360	2.66	75.33	4.27	22.78	19.25	1.2Y	7.45	3.44
	Al	360	2.74	73.69	3.96	21.94	1.86	1.4Y	7.28	3.29
	Cu	360	3.23	59.56	2.35	12.91	18.70	2.0Y	5.83	1.91
	Fe	360	3.88	56.26	1.02	10.74	22.79	3.2Y	5.49	1.53
4 Alnus firma	None	360	4.19	77.11	2.83	24.20	19.14	2.3Y	7.63	3.50
	Al	360	4.38	74.30	2.89	28.47	5.11	2.9Y	7.35	4.09
	Cu	360	4.99	63.64	5.77	24.50	13.79	0.8Y	6.27	3.82
	Fe	360	6.04	40.75	1.47	2.53	42.35	5.4YR	3.96	0.48
5 Gardenia seeds	None	360	1.00	84.33	0.52	24.82	17.06	4.7Y	8.39	3.41
	Al	360	0.73	85.72	–0.88	20.00	5.21	5.8Y	8.51	2.59
	Cu	360	0.96	83.31	–1.75	20.55	4.94	7.3Y	8.26	2.66
	Fe	360	1.73	76.05	4.17	19.93	10.28	1.0Y	7.52	3.04
6 Pagoda tree	None	360	1.23	85.40	–0.33	13.29	5.50	3.9Y	8.45	1.64
	Al	360	0.95	84.17	–2.25	27.41	14.30	6.6Y	8.36	3.59
	Cu	360	1.11	79.34	0.40	27.06	15.06	4.4Y	7.87	3.77
	Fe	360	2.30	67.81	3.69	18.33	18.74	1.2Y	6.67	2.77
7 Clove tree	None	360	1.40	85.45	–0.28	14.44	6.61	4.2Y	8.46	1.80
	Al	360	1.12	85.34	–1.57	16.57	2.49	6.0Y	8.45	2.01
	Cu	360	1.45	80.84	–0.60	19.69	7.00	4.9Y	8.00	2.59
	Fe	360	2.55	67.48	5.09	15.32	18.78	9.1YR	6.63	2.53
8 Amur cork-tree	None	360	1.91	86.38	–4.31	22.18	14.79	9.8Y	8.57	2.75
	Al	360	0.92	86.47	–2.27	14.16	8.28	8.0Y	8.56	1.67
	Cu	360	1.26	84.49	–2.75	15.39	7.22	9.8Y	8.36	1.84
	Fe	360	1.89	78.02	4.17	21.06	11.96	0.9Y	7.72	3.20
9 Chinese ink	None	370	9.44	28.92	0.68	2.57	58.05		2.82	0.42
	Al	370	9.46	28.74	0.62	2.34	0.29		2.81	0.39
	Cu	360	9.54	28.99	0.65	2.61	0.09		2.84	0.42
	Fe	360	10.90	28.49	0.71	3.33	0.87		2.79	0.54
10 Indigo	None	650	6.04	38.30	–2.64	–14.32	53.34	3.7PB	3.67	3.45
	Al	650	6.22	38.09	–3.06	–13.27	1.16	3.1PB	3.65	3.20
	Cu	640	6.62	34.63	–1.52	–8.55	6.93	3.4PB	3.34	1.90
	Fe	630	6.98	33.71	–1.92	–8.99	7.08	3.3PB	3.25	2.01
11 Lac	None	530	2.69	49.74	19.58	1.10	42.54	7.7RP	4.84	4.93
	Al	360	3.34	50.09	22.29	2.31	2.99	8.6RP	4.88	5.52
	Cu	360	3.44	48.38	9.29	1.70	10.40	9.3RP	4.70	2.42
	Fe	360	4.20	45.34	3.81	1.76	16.38	5.1R	4.40	0.92
12 Violet-root cromwell	None	360	0.96	76.07	4.01	7.84	11.49	5.8YR	7.49	1.57
	Al	360	0.80	75.78	3.83	6.20	1.68	4.1YR	7.45	1.42
	Cu	360	1.09	73.11	0.51	7.24	4.62	1.8YR	7.18	0.99
	Fe	360	1.82	69.97	3.60	12.39	7.62	9.5YR	6.88	1.98
13 Cochineal	None	360	1.05	78.26	5.81	8.82	10.57	3.2YR	7.71	2.15
	Al	360	0.84	77.41	10.83	6.26	5.69	5.8YR	7.62	3.17
	Cu	360	1.36	69.32	1.23	6.70	10.26	1.3Y	6.79	0.98
	Fe	360	2.19	66.64	2.27	10.77	12.30	0.5Y	6.53	1.62
14 Sappan wood	None	360	1.39	76.93	8.63	21.23	18.77	8.2YR	7.62	3.75
	Al	360	1.34	71.23	13.95	10.36	13.38	8.0YR	7.00	3.86
	Cu	360	1.59	68.19	8.90	10.60	13.77	2.2YR	6.69	2.72
	Fe	360	3.13	58.11	3.94	9.15	22.84	7.9YR	5.67	1.62
15 Copy paper	None	360	0.94	91.70	2.78	–12.83	21.59	9.4PB	9.02	3.94
	Al	370	0.93	91.65	2.42	–12.45	0.52	9.1PB	9.02	3.96
	Cu	360	0.90	90.91	–0.37	–8.83	5.15	6.7PB	8.95	3.43
	Fe	360	5.55	73.39	13.04	33.43	50.79	8.3YR	7.29	5.82