Table 1.
Biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans in the presence of nine plant extracts

Solvent for extraction	Methanol	Water	50% ethanol	95% ethanol
Control (without an extract)	3.39 ± 0.01	3.37 ± 0.05	3.33 ± 0.04	3.38 ± 0.03
Melonis Pedicellus	1.15 ± 0.20	3.26 ± 0.03	3.41 ± 0.01	3.39 ± 0.01
Agastachis Herba	1.81 ± 0.28	3.34 ± 0.01	3.40 ± 0.02	3.41 ± 0.01
Mori Cortex Radicis	0.03 ± 0.01	3.33 ± 0.01	3.37 ± 0.01	3.37 ± 0.01
Diospyros kaki leaves	1.56 ± 0.17	3.33 ± 0.01	1.83 ± 0.34	3.38 ± 0.01
Agrimoniae Herba	0.94 ± 0.20	1.62 ± 0.22	1.08 ± 0.08	3.40 ± 0.01
Polygoni Multiflori Radix	1.29 ± 0.21	2.39 ± 0.21	1.45 ± 0.18	3.40 ± 0.01
Lycopi Herba	1.87 ± 0.27	3.40 ± 0.01	3.42 ± 0.01	3.40 ± 0.01
Elsholtziae Herba	1.89 ± 0.18	3.40 ± 0.01	3.41 ± 0.01	3.39 ± 0.01
Schizonepetae Spica	1.49 ± 0.14	3.40 ± 0.01	3.42 ± 0.01	3.41 ± 0.01

Data are presented as the absorbance at 595 nm following crystal violet staining. The mean and standard deviation were calculated from eight independent experiments.